Þingvellir – The Drowning Pool

Background

History & Background

Drekkingarhylur's grim history is intrinsically linked to the Althingi, Iceland's ancient parliamentary assembly held at Þingvellir. From its establishment in 930 AD, the Althingi served not only as a legislative body but also as the supreme court. While the Althingi is celebrated as one of the world's oldest parliaments, its judicial functions included severe punishments, particularly during the period of the Icelandic witch hunts and the enforcement of strict moral codes. From the late 16th century until the early 18th century, Drekkingarhylur became the designated execution site for women. Unlike men, who were typically beheaded or hanged, women convicted of capital crimes—primarily witchcraft (though fewer women than men were executed for this) and infanticide—were condemned to drown. The pool's location within the Althingi grounds meant these executions were often public, serving as a powerful, terrifying deterrent. The exact number of women drowned here is debated, but historical records suggest dozens met their end in these waters. This site stands as a poignant reminder of a darker chapter in Icelandic legal history, reflecting the societal norms and brutal justice system of the era, contrasting sharply with the progressive nation Iceland is today.

Nestled within the breathtaking landscape of Þingvellir National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site, lies Drekkingarhylur, tragically known as 'The Drowning Pool.' While the surrounding area, visible with its contrasting green and dry grasses and winding river, is celebrated for its geological wonders and the historic Althingi parliament, this specific spot holds a much darker narrative. For over 150 years, from the late 16th to the early 18th century, Drekkingarhylur served as the primary execution site for women in Iceland. Accused of crimes such as witchcraft or infanticide, these women faced a brutal death by drowning. The executions often took place during the annual Althingi sessions, making them a public spectacle and a stark warning. Today, visitors can walk along the paths, much like those seen on the left of the image, offering views down to the pool where the Öxará river flows into a wider basin. While the water now appears serene, with visible rocks beneath its surface, the somber history is palpable. Visiting Drekkingarhylur offers a profound, albeit sobering, insight into Iceland's legal history and the harsh realities of justice in past centuries. It encourages contemplation on human rights and the evolution of societal values. While exploring the natural beauty and historical significance of Þingvellir, a stop here provides a crucial reminder of the human stories etched into this ancient land. Remember to approach this site with respect, acknowledging the tragic events that unfolded here.