Bæjarhellir (Baðstofuhellir)

Background

History & Background

Bæjarhellir (Baðstofuhellir) holds a deep historical significance, primarily as a long-used human dwelling. Its name, literally 'Farm Cave,' suggests its historical role, and indeed, the soft tuff walls bear numerous marks of former inhabitants, including engravings, letters, and carved nooks and shelves that speak of a time when people lived within its shelter. The cave's most famous resident was Jón Steingrímsson, later known as the 'Fire Priest,' who spent a winter here in 1755. Assigned lodging in the cave by a local farmer, Jón, along with his brother, made it their home, even enlarging it. It was during this period, as a major eruption of the Katla volcano (Kötlugos) commenced, that Jón began learning German. This experience sparked his profound interest in volcanoes and their history, an interest that would culminate in his crucial role during the devastating Laki eruption years later. His detailed accounts of the Katla eruption, building upon reports by District Commissioner Jón Sigurðsson, became invaluable historical records. In more recent times, the cave also served a more humble purpose, being utilized as a sheep shelter.

Bæjarhellir, or Baðstofuhellir, is one of the historic man-made caves of the Mýrdalur area. Its soft rock was enlarged and adapted by people, leaving carvings and worked surfaces that document repeated use. Traditions connect the cave with local residents and clergy, but specific dramatic claims about events or occupants should be treated cautiously unless supported by documented sources.