Básendar

Background

History & Background

For centuries, Básendar stood as a prominent trading and fishing settlement on the Reykjanes peninsula. Its strategic location made it a coveted outpost, leading to intense competition among European powers. In 1532, this rivalry erupted into the 'Battle of Básendar,' where English and German merchants clashed for dominance, with the Germans ultimately prevailing. The site also boasts a fascinating connection to Icelandic literary history; the celebrated hymn writer Hallgrímur Pétursson, after being expelled from a Danish school, worked at the Básendar trading post upon his return to Iceland in 1637. Following the Reformation, the Danish monarchy assumed control of the fishing operations, integrating Básendar into its royal trade monopoly. However, the settlement's long history came to an abrupt and catastrophic end on January 9, 1799. On this fateful day, the 'Básendaflóð' – the greatest recorded tsunami to strike the Icelandic coast – devastated the area, sweeping away every single building and structure. The event was so impactful that the flood itself was named after the site, a permanent reminder of nature's formidable power and Básendar's tragic demise.

Básendar, nestled on the rugged Reykjanes peninsula, is more than just a hiking trail; it's a poignant journey into Iceland's rich and often dramatic past. This windswept coastal site, marked by a sturdy stone cairn, was once a pivotal trading and fishing post, a bustling hub where European merchants converged. Its history is etched with significant events, including the 'Battle of Básendar' in 1532, a struggle for control between English and German traders. The site also holds a unique connection to Icelandic cultural heritage, having hosted the revered hymn writer Hallgrímur Pétursson in 1637. However, Básendar's story took a tragic turn on January 9, 1799, when the 'Básendaflóð,' Iceland's most powerful recorded tsunami, swept away every single structure, leaving nothing but the barren landscape behind. Today, a light hike from the Gálgakletta parking lot offers two circular routes: a 2.5 km short loop following a track, unmarked path, and paved road, or a longer, nearly 5 km loop extending to Stafnes. The walk offers a profound sense of history amidst the raw, natural beauty of the Icelandic coast. Proper footwear and weather-appropriate clothing are recommended for this exposed coastal walk, allowing you to fully immerse yourself in the serene yet historically charged atmosphere.