south iceland
Þingvellir
About Þingvellir
Þingvellir National Park is one of Iceland's most historically and geologically significant sites. Situated in a rift valley created by the separation of the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates, the park offers dramatic landscapes of fissures, lava fields, and the crystal-clear waters of Þingvallavatn lake. The Almannagjá gorge is a striking example of continental drift, with towering cliff walls that visitors can walk between. The park's flat plains, known as the þingvellir, were the gathering place for the Alþingi parliament from 930 AD for nearly nine centuries. Today, well-marked trails lead visitors through the major historical and geological points of interest, including Öxarárfoss waterfall and the Peningagjá fissure. Þingvellir is the first stop on the famous Golden Circle route and a must-visit destination for anyone traveling to Iceland.
🐉 Legends of Þingvellir
Þingvellir has been part of Icelandic folklore for generations. Local tales speak of hidden people (huldufólk) and other supernatural beings who inhabit the area. According to tradition, this place deserves respect and visitors should be mindful of the ancient spirits who call it home.
📖 History of Þingvellir
In 930 AD, Iceland's Norse settlers established the Alþingi (Parliament) at Þingvellir — making it the world's oldest functioning parliament. Chiefs from across Iceland gathered here each summer for two weeks to pass laws, settle disputes and conduct trade. The site was used as a parliament for 869 years until 1799. Iceland was granted independence from Denmark in 1944, and the document was signed at Þingvellir. The site is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
✈️ Why Visit
Walk between the North American and Eurasian plates
💡 Did You Know?
Althingi was established here in 930 AD, making it one of the world's oldest parliaments
Key Facts
Location of the world's first parliament — the Alþingi — established in 930 AD
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Situated on the crack between North American and Eurasian tectonic plates
Iceland's independence from Denmark declared here in 1944
Silfra fissure offers world-class snorkeling and diving between the plates
💎 Hidden Gems
Saga Connections
Research which Icelandic sagas mention this area before your visit to Þingvellir.
Reading the relevant saga passages brings the site alive and connects you to events that happened here over 800 years ago.
Landscape Reading
Try to imagine what this place looked like during the settlement era — fewer roads, more birch forests, similar mountains.
The natural landmarks remain largely unchanged, meaning you're seeing much of what the original settlers saw.
Local Heritage Centers
Nearby heritage centers or information boards often have additional context about the site.
Local communities preserve detailed knowledge about their area's history that enhances your understanding.
🕐 Best Time
Year-round, midnight sun in summer, snowy landscapes in winter
🚗 Access
50 km east of Reykjavík via Route 36. Large paid parking lots (750 ISK). Wheelchair accessible paths near Almannagjá.
⏱ Duration
2–4 hours
Frequently Asked Questions
Is there an entrance fee?▾
Many historical sites in Iceland are free to visit. Some may have a small fee or request a donation for upkeep.
Are there information signs in English?▾
Most popular historical sites have information boards in both Icelandic and English.
Can I visit year-round?▾
Most outdoor historical sites are accessible year-round. Indoor exhibitions may have seasonal hours.
📍 GPS Location
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